About the book: 2014 / In his study, the author proves that Spinoza’s moral doctrine, set out by him in his main work “Ethics,” is an example of connection a general philosophical view of the world with a detailed analysis of the phenomena of human moral life. The synthesis of ethics and metaphysics implemented in Spinoza’s practical philosophy suggests that the doctrine of the primary foundations of being is decisive and prevalent in moral discourse. It is metaphysics that builds the value hierarchy of the universe and determines its main ideological priorities; it also constructs the teleology of moral life. The author of this study offers an extraordinary reading of Spinoza’s naturalistic doctrine, showing that the “natural” attitude of the human mind that appears here always uses a certain methodological “operator” corresponding to a particular context. When analyzing the fundamental themes of Spinoza's ethical doctrine, the author of the book introduces the concept of “ontological a priori.” The work uses material from Spinoza's main philosophical works, and also analyzes in detail some significant letters of the great moralist. It is based on numerous modern studies of Spinoza’s creative heritage in Western and domestic historical and philosophical science.