About the book: 2007 / The monograph, covering the history of clubs in Russia, for the first time traces the connection between the development of club culture and the processes of formation and dissemination of public opinion based on the everyday interpenetration of the everyday consciousness of elite groups society and socio-political thought. The composition, typology and functions of clubs, the place of clubs in the dialogue between the cultures of Russia and the West, the relationship of clubs with the state and with other public associations, the role of clubs in the transformation of Russian society are considered. Particular attention is paid to political clubs that appeared in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. simultaneously with the emergence of a multi-party system and the State Duma.